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<div class="section xpack">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div>
<h2 class="title">
<a id="sql-functions-string"></a>String Functions<a class="edit_me edit_me_private" rel="nofollow" title="Editing on GitHub is available to Elastic" href="https://github.com/elastic/elasticsearch/edit/7.7/docs/reference/sql/functions/string.asciidoc">edit</a><a class="xpack_tag" href="https://www.elastic.co/subscriptions"></a>
</h2>
</div></div></div>
<p>Functions for performing string manipulation.</p>
<div class="section">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div>
<h3 class="title">
<a id="sql-functions-string-ascii"></a><code class="literal">ASCII</code><a class="edit_me edit_me_private" rel="nofollow" title="Editing on GitHub is available to Elastic" href="https://github.com/elastic/elasticsearch/edit/7.7/docs/reference/sql/functions/string.asciidoc">edit</a>
</h3>
</div></div></div>
<p><strong>Synopsis:</strong></p>
<div class="pre_wrapper lang-sql">
<pre class="programlisting prettyprint lang-sql">ASCII(string_exp) <a id="CO142-1"></a><i class="conum" data-value="1"></i></pre>
</div>
<p><span class="strong strong"><strong>Input</strong></span>:</p>
<div class="calloutlist">
<table border="0" summary="Callout list">
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top" width="5%">
<p><a href="#CO142-1"><i class="conum" data-value="1"></i></a></p>
</td>
<td align="left" valign="top">
<p>string expression</p>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
<p><span class="strong strong"><strong>Output</strong></span>: integer</p>
<p><span class="strong strong"><strong>Description</strong></span>: Returns the ASCII code value of the leftmost character of <code class="literal">string_exp</code> as an integer.</p>
<div class="pre_wrapper lang-sql">
<pre class="programlisting prettyprint lang-sql">SELECT ASCII('Elastic');

ASCII('Elastic')
----------------
69</pre>
</div>
</div>

<div class="section">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div>
<h3 class="title">
<a id="sql-functions-string-bit-length"></a><code class="literal">BIT_LENGTH</code><a class="edit_me edit_me_private" rel="nofollow" title="Editing on GitHub is available to Elastic" href="https://github.com/elastic/elasticsearch/edit/7.7/docs/reference/sql/functions/string.asciidoc">edit</a>
</h3>
</div></div></div>
<p><strong>Synopsis:</strong></p>
<div class="pre_wrapper lang-sql">
<pre class="programlisting prettyprint lang-sql">BIT_LENGTH(string_exp) <a id="CO143-1"></a><i class="conum" data-value="1"></i></pre>
</div>
<p><span class="strong strong"><strong>Input</strong></span>:</p>
<div class="calloutlist">
<table border="0" summary="Callout list">
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top" width="5%">
<p><a href="#CO143-1"><i class="conum" data-value="1"></i></a></p>
</td>
<td align="left" valign="top">
<p>string expression</p>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
<p><span class="strong strong"><strong>Output</strong></span>: integer</p>
<p><span class="strong strong"><strong>Description</strong></span>: Returns the length in bits of the <code class="literal">string_exp</code> input expression.</p>
<div class="pre_wrapper lang-sql">
<pre class="programlisting prettyprint lang-sql">SELECT BIT_LENGTH('Elastic');

BIT_LENGTH('Elastic')
---------------------
56</pre>
</div>
</div>

<div class="section">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div>
<h3 class="title">
<a id="sql-functions-string-char"></a><code class="literal">CHAR</code><a class="edit_me edit_me_private" rel="nofollow" title="Editing on GitHub is available to Elastic" href="https://github.com/elastic/elasticsearch/edit/7.7/docs/reference/sql/functions/string.asciidoc">edit</a>
</h3>
</div></div></div>
<p><strong>Synopsis:</strong></p>
<div class="pre_wrapper lang-sql">
<pre class="programlisting prettyprint lang-sql">CHAR(code) <a id="CO144-1"></a><i class="conum" data-value="1"></i></pre>
</div>
<p><span class="strong strong"><strong>Input</strong></span>:</p>
<div class="calloutlist">
<table border="0" summary="Callout list">
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top" width="5%">
<p><a href="#CO144-1"><i class="conum" data-value="1"></i></a></p>
</td>
<td align="left" valign="top">
<p>integer expression</p>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
<p><span class="strong strong"><strong>Output</strong></span>: string</p>
<p><span class="strong strong"><strong>Description</strong></span>: Returns the character that has the ASCII code value specified by the numeric input. The value should be between 0 and 255; otherwise, the return value is data source–dependent.</p>
<div class="pre_wrapper lang-sql">
<pre class="programlisting prettyprint lang-sql">SELECT CHAR(69);

   CHAR(69)
---------------
E</pre>
</div>
</div>

<div class="section">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div>
<h3 class="title">
<a id="sql-functions-string-char-length"></a><code class="literal">CHAR_LENGTH</code><a class="edit_me edit_me_private" rel="nofollow" title="Editing on GitHub is available to Elastic" href="https://github.com/elastic/elasticsearch/edit/7.7/docs/reference/sql/functions/string.asciidoc">edit</a>
</h3>
</div></div></div>
<p><strong>Synopsis:</strong></p>
<div class="pre_wrapper lang-sql">
<pre class="programlisting prettyprint lang-sql">CHAR_LENGTH(string_exp) <a id="CO145-1"></a><i class="conum" data-value="1"></i></pre>
</div>
<p><span class="strong strong"><strong>Input</strong></span>:</p>
<div class="calloutlist">
<table border="0" summary="Callout list">
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top" width="5%">
<p><a href="#CO145-1"><i class="conum" data-value="1"></i></a></p>
</td>
<td align="left" valign="top">
<p>string expression</p>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
<p><span class="strong strong"><strong>Output</strong></span>: integer</p>
<p><span class="strong strong"><strong>Description</strong></span>: Returns the length in characters of the input, if the string expression is of a character data type; otherwise, returns the length in bytes of the string expression (the smallest integer not less than the number of bits divided by 8).</p>
<div class="pre_wrapper lang-sql">
<pre class="programlisting prettyprint lang-sql">SELECT CHAR_LENGTH('Elastic');

CHAR_LENGTH('Elastic')
----------------------
7</pre>
</div>
</div>

<div class="section">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div>
<h3 class="title">
<a id="sql-functions-string-concat"></a><code class="literal">CONCAT</code><a class="edit_me edit_me_private" rel="nofollow" title="Editing on GitHub is available to Elastic" href="https://github.com/elastic/elasticsearch/edit/7.7/docs/reference/sql/functions/string.asciidoc">edit</a>
</h3>
</div></div></div>
<p><strong>Synopsis:</strong></p>
<div class="pre_wrapper lang-sql">
<pre class="programlisting prettyprint lang-sql">CONCAT(
    string_exp1, <a id="CO146-1"></a><i class="conum" data-value="1"></i>
    string_exp2) <a id="CO146-2"></a><i class="conum" data-value="2"></i></pre>
</div>
<p><span class="strong strong"><strong>Input</strong></span>:</p>
<div class="calloutlist">
<table border="0" summary="Callout list">
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top" width="5%">
<p><a href="#CO146-1"><i class="conum" data-value="1"></i></a></p>
</td>
<td align="left" valign="top">
<p>string expression</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top" width="5%">
<p><a href="#CO146-2"><i class="conum" data-value="2"></i></a></p>
</td>
<td align="left" valign="top">
<p>string expression</p>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
<p><span class="strong strong"><strong>Output</strong></span>: string</p>
<p><span class="strong strong"><strong>Description</strong></span>: Returns a character string that is the result of concatenating <code class="literal">string_exp1</code> to <code class="literal">string_exp2</code>. If one of the string is <code class="literal">NULL</code>, the other string will be returned.</p>
<div class="pre_wrapper lang-sql">
<pre class="programlisting prettyprint lang-sql">SELECT CONCAT('Elasticsearch', ' SQL');

CONCAT('Elasticsearch', ' SQL')
-------------------------------
Elasticsearch SQL</pre>
</div>
</div>

<div class="section">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div>
<h3 class="title">
<a id="sql-functions-string-insert"></a><code class="literal">INSERT</code><a class="edit_me edit_me_private" rel="nofollow" title="Editing on GitHub is available to Elastic" href="https://github.com/elastic/elasticsearch/edit/7.7/docs/reference/sql/functions/string.asciidoc">edit</a>
</h3>
</div></div></div>
<p><strong>Synopsis:</strong></p>
<div class="pre_wrapper lang-sql">
<pre class="programlisting prettyprint lang-sql">INSERT(
    source,      <a id="CO147-1"></a><i class="conum" data-value="1"></i>
    start,       <a id="CO147-2"></a><i class="conum" data-value="2"></i>
    length,      <a id="CO147-3"></a><i class="conum" data-value="3"></i>
    replacement) <a id="CO147-4"></a><i class="conum" data-value="4"></i></pre>
</div>
<p><span class="strong strong"><strong>Input</strong></span>:</p>
<div class="calloutlist">
<table border="0" summary="Callout list">
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top" width="5%">
<p><a href="#CO147-1"><i class="conum" data-value="1"></i></a></p>
</td>
<td align="left" valign="top">
<p>string expression</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top" width="5%">
<p><a href="#CO147-2"><i class="conum" data-value="2"></i></a></p>
</td>
<td align="left" valign="top">
<p>integer expression</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top" width="5%">
<p><a href="#CO147-3"><i class="conum" data-value="3"></i></a></p>
</td>
<td align="left" valign="top">
<p>integer expression</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top" width="5%">
<p><a href="#CO147-4"><i class="conum" data-value="4"></i></a></p>
</td>
<td align="left" valign="top">
<p>string expression</p>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
<p><span class="strong strong"><strong>Output</strong></span>: string</p>
<p><span class="strong strong"><strong>Description</strong></span>: Returns a string where <code class="literal">length</code> characters have been deleted from <code class="literal">source</code>, beginning at <code class="literal">start</code>, and where <code class="literal">replacement</code> has been inserted into <code class="literal">source</code>, beginning at <code class="literal">start</code>.</p>
<div class="pre_wrapper lang-sql">
<pre class="programlisting prettyprint lang-sql">SELECT INSERT('Elastic ', 8, 1, 'search');

INSERT('Elastic ', 8, 1, 'search')
----------------------------------
Elasticsearch</pre>
</div>
</div>

<div class="section">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div>
<h3 class="title">
<a id="sql-functions-string-lcase"></a><code class="literal">LCASE</code><a class="edit_me edit_me_private" rel="nofollow" title="Editing on GitHub is available to Elastic" href="https://github.com/elastic/elasticsearch/edit/7.7/docs/reference/sql/functions/string.asciidoc">edit</a>
</h3>
</div></div></div>
<p><strong>Synopsis:</strong></p>
<div class="pre_wrapper lang-sql">
<pre class="programlisting prettyprint lang-sql">LCASE(string_exp) <a id="CO148-1"></a><i class="conum" data-value="1"></i></pre>
</div>
<p><span class="strong strong"><strong>Input</strong></span>:</p>
<div class="calloutlist">
<table border="0" summary="Callout list">
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top" width="5%">
<p><a href="#CO148-1"><i class="conum" data-value="1"></i></a></p>
</td>
<td align="left" valign="top">
<p>string expression</p>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
<p><span class="strong strong"><strong>Output</strong></span>: string</p>
<p><span class="strong strong"><strong>Description</strong></span>: Returns a string equal to that in <code class="literal">string_exp</code>, with all uppercase characters converted to lowercase.</p>
<div class="pre_wrapper lang-sql">
<pre class="programlisting prettyprint lang-sql">SELECT LCASE('Elastic');

LCASE('Elastic')
----------------
elastic</pre>
</div>
</div>

<div class="section">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div>
<h3 class="title">
<a id="sql-functions-string-left"></a><code class="literal">LEFT</code><a class="edit_me edit_me_private" rel="nofollow" title="Editing on GitHub is available to Elastic" href="https://github.com/elastic/elasticsearch/edit/7.7/docs/reference/sql/functions/string.asciidoc">edit</a>
</h3>
</div></div></div>
<p><strong>Synopsis:</strong></p>
<div class="pre_wrapper lang-sql">
<pre class="programlisting prettyprint lang-sql">LEFT(
    string_exp, <a id="CO149-1"></a><i class="conum" data-value="1"></i>
    count)      <a id="CO149-2"></a><i class="conum" data-value="2"></i></pre>
</div>
<p><span class="strong strong"><strong>Input</strong></span>:</p>
<div class="calloutlist">
<table border="0" summary="Callout list">
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top" width="5%">
<p><a href="#CO149-1"><i class="conum" data-value="1"></i></a></p>
</td>
<td align="left" valign="top">
<p>string expression</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top" width="5%">
<p><a href="#CO149-2"><i class="conum" data-value="2"></i></a></p>
</td>
<td align="left" valign="top">
<p>integer expression</p>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
<p><span class="strong strong"><strong>Output</strong></span>: string</p>
<p><span class="strong strong"><strong>Description</strong></span>: Returns the leftmost count characters of <code class="literal">string_exp</code>.</p>
<div class="pre_wrapper lang-sql">
<pre class="programlisting prettyprint lang-sql">SELECT LEFT('Elastic',3);

LEFT('Elastic',3)
-----------------
Ela</pre>
</div>
</div>

<div class="section">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div>
<h3 class="title">
<a id="sql-functions-string-length"></a><code class="literal">LENGTH</code><a class="edit_me edit_me_private" rel="nofollow" title="Editing on GitHub is available to Elastic" href="https://github.com/elastic/elasticsearch/edit/7.7/docs/reference/sql/functions/string.asciidoc">edit</a>
</h3>
</div></div></div>
<p><strong>Synopsis:</strong></p>
<div class="pre_wrapper lang-sql">
<pre class="programlisting prettyprint lang-sql">LENGTH(string_exp) <a id="CO150-1"></a><i class="conum" data-value="1"></i></pre>
</div>
<p><span class="strong strong"><strong>Input</strong></span>:</p>
<div class="calloutlist">
<table border="0" summary="Callout list">
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top" width="5%">
<p><a href="#CO150-1"><i class="conum" data-value="1"></i></a></p>
</td>
<td align="left" valign="top">
<p>string expression</p>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
<p><span class="strong strong"><strong>Output</strong></span>: integer</p>
<p><span class="strong strong"><strong>Description</strong></span>: Returns the number of characters in <code class="literal">string_exp</code>, excluding trailing blanks.</p>
<div class="pre_wrapper lang-sql">
<pre class="programlisting prettyprint lang-sql">SELECT LENGTH('Elastic   ');

LENGTH('Elastic   ')
--------------------
7</pre>
</div>
</div>

<div class="section">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div>
<h3 class="title">
<a id="sql-functions-string-locate"></a><code class="literal">LOCATE</code><a class="edit_me edit_me_private" rel="nofollow" title="Editing on GitHub is available to Elastic" href="https://github.com/elastic/elasticsearch/edit/7.7/docs/reference/sql/functions/string.asciidoc">edit</a>
</h3>
</div></div></div>
<p><strong>Synopsis:</strong></p>
<div class="pre_wrapper lang-sql">
<pre class="programlisting prettyprint lang-sql">LOCATE(
    pattern, <a id="CO151-1"></a><i class="conum" data-value="1"></i>
    source   <a id="CO151-2"></a><i class="conum" data-value="2"></i>
    [, start]<a id="CO151-3"></a><i class="conum" data-value="3"></i>
)</pre>
</div>
<p><span class="strong strong"><strong>Input</strong></span>:</p>
<div class="calloutlist">
<table border="0" summary="Callout list">
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top" width="5%">
<p><a href="#CO151-1"><i class="conum" data-value="1"></i></a></p>
</td>
<td align="left" valign="top">
<p>string expression</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top" width="5%">
<p><a href="#CO151-2"><i class="conum" data-value="2"></i></a></p>
</td>
<td align="left" valign="top">
<p>string expression</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top" width="5%">
<p><a href="#CO151-3"><i class="conum" data-value="3"></i></a></p>
</td>
<td align="left" valign="top">
<p>integer expression; optional</p>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
<p><span class="strong strong"><strong>Output</strong></span>: integer</p>
<p><span class="strong strong"><strong>Description</strong></span>: Returns the starting position of the first occurrence of <code class="literal">pattern</code> within <code class="literal">source</code>. The search for the first occurrence of <code class="literal">pattern</code> begins with the first character position in <code class="literal">source</code> unless the optional argument, <code class="literal">start</code>, is specified. If <code class="literal">start</code> is specified, the search begins with the character position indicated by the value of <code class="literal">start</code>. The first character position in <code class="literal">source</code> is indicated by the value 1. If <code class="literal">pattern</code> is not found within <code class="literal">source</code>, the value 0 is returned.</p>
<div class="pre_wrapper lang-sql">
<pre class="programlisting prettyprint lang-sql">SELECT LOCATE('a', 'Elasticsearch');

LOCATE('a', 'Elasticsearch')
----------------------------
3</pre>
</div>
<div class="pre_wrapper lang-sql">
<pre class="programlisting prettyprint lang-sql">SELECT LOCATE('a', 'Elasticsearch', 5);

LOCATE('a', 'Elasticsearch', 5)
-------------------------------
10</pre>
</div>
</div>

<div class="section">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div>
<h3 class="title">
<a id="sql-functions-string-ltrim"></a><code class="literal">LTRIM</code><a class="edit_me edit_me_private" rel="nofollow" title="Editing on GitHub is available to Elastic" href="https://github.com/elastic/elasticsearch/edit/7.7/docs/reference/sql/functions/string.asciidoc">edit</a>
</h3>
</div></div></div>
<p><strong>Synopsis:</strong></p>
<div class="pre_wrapper lang-sql">
<pre class="programlisting prettyprint lang-sql">LTRIM(string_exp) <a id="CO152-1"></a><i class="conum" data-value="1"></i></pre>
</div>
<p><span class="strong strong"><strong>Input</strong></span>:</p>
<div class="calloutlist">
<table border="0" summary="Callout list">
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top" width="5%">
<p><a href="#CO152-1"><i class="conum" data-value="1"></i></a></p>
</td>
<td align="left" valign="top">
<p>string expression</p>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
<p><span class="strong strong"><strong>Output</strong></span>: string</p>
<p><span class="strong strong"><strong>Description</strong></span>: Returns the characters of <code class="literal">string_exp</code>, with leading blanks removed.</p>
<div class="pre_wrapper lang-sql">
<pre class="programlisting prettyprint lang-sql">SELECT LTRIM('   Elastic');

LTRIM('   Elastic')
-------------------
Elastic</pre>
</div>
</div>

<div class="section">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div>
<h3 class="title">
<a id="sql-functions-string-octet-length"></a><code class="literal">OCTET_LENGTH</code><a class="edit_me edit_me_private" rel="nofollow" title="Editing on GitHub is available to Elastic" href="https://github.com/elastic/elasticsearch/edit/7.7/docs/reference/sql/functions/string.asciidoc">edit</a>
</h3>
</div></div></div>
<p><strong>Synopsis:</strong></p>
<div class="pre_wrapper lang-sql">
<pre class="programlisting prettyprint lang-sql">OCTET_LENGTH(string_exp) <a id="CO153-1"></a><i class="conum" data-value="1"></i></pre>
</div>
<p><span class="strong strong"><strong>Input</strong></span>:</p>
<div class="calloutlist">
<table border="0" summary="Callout list">
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top" width="5%">
<p><a href="#CO153-1"><i class="conum" data-value="1"></i></a></p>
</td>
<td align="left" valign="top">
<p>string expression</p>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
<p><span class="strong strong"><strong>Output</strong></span>: integer</p>
<p><span class="strong strong"><strong>Description</strong></span>: Returns the length in bytes of the <code class="literal">string_exp</code> input expression.</p>
<div class="pre_wrapper lang-sql">
<pre class="programlisting prettyprint lang-sql">SELECT OCTET_LENGTH('Elastic');

OCTET_LENGTH('Elastic')
-----------------------
7</pre>
</div>
</div>

<div class="section">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div>
<h3 class="title">
<a id="sql-functions-string-position"></a><code class="literal">POSITION</code><a class="edit_me edit_me_private" rel="nofollow" title="Editing on GitHub is available to Elastic" href="https://github.com/elastic/elasticsearch/edit/7.7/docs/reference/sql/functions/string.asciidoc">edit</a>
</h3>
</div></div></div>
<p><strong>Synopsis:</strong></p>
<div class="pre_wrapper lang-sql">
<pre class="programlisting prettyprint lang-sql">POSITION(
    string_exp1, <a id="CO154-1"></a><i class="conum" data-value="1"></i>
    string_exp2) <a id="CO154-2"></a><i class="conum" data-value="2"></i></pre>
</div>
<p><span class="strong strong"><strong>Input</strong></span>:</p>
<div class="calloutlist">
<table border="0" summary="Callout list">
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top" width="5%">
<p><a href="#CO154-1"><i class="conum" data-value="1"></i></a></p>
</td>
<td align="left" valign="top">
<p>string expression</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top" width="5%">
<p><a href="#CO154-2"><i class="conum" data-value="2"></i></a></p>
</td>
<td align="left" valign="top">
<p>string expression</p>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
<p><span class="strong strong"><strong>Output</strong></span>: integer</p>
<p><span class="strong strong"><strong>Description</strong></span>: Returns the position of the <code class="literal">string_exp1</code> in <code class="literal">string_exp2</code>. The result is an exact numeric.</p>
<div class="pre_wrapper lang-sql">
<pre class="programlisting prettyprint lang-sql">SELECT POSITION('Elastic', 'Elasticsearch');

POSITION('Elastic', 'Elasticsearch')
------------------------------------
1</pre>
</div>
</div>

<div class="section">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div>
<h3 class="title">
<a id="sql-functions-string-repeat"></a><code class="literal">REPEAT</code><a class="edit_me edit_me_private" rel="nofollow" title="Editing on GitHub is available to Elastic" href="https://github.com/elastic/elasticsearch/edit/7.7/docs/reference/sql/functions/string.asciidoc">edit</a>
</h3>
</div></div></div>
<p><strong>Synopsis:</strong></p>
<div class="pre_wrapper lang-sql">
<pre class="programlisting prettyprint lang-sql">REPEAT(
    string_exp, <a id="CO155-1"></a><i class="conum" data-value="1"></i>
    count)      <a id="CO155-2"></a><i class="conum" data-value="2"></i></pre>
</div>
<p><span class="strong strong"><strong>Input</strong></span>:</p>
<div class="calloutlist">
<table border="0" summary="Callout list">
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top" width="5%">
<p><a href="#CO155-1"><i class="conum" data-value="1"></i></a></p>
</td>
<td align="left" valign="top">
<p>string expression</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top" width="5%">
<p><a href="#CO155-2"><i class="conum" data-value="2"></i></a></p>
</td>
<td align="left" valign="top">
<p>integer expression</p>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
<p><span class="strong strong"><strong>Output</strong></span>: string</p>
<p><span class="strong strong"><strong>Description</strong></span>: Returns a character string composed of <code class="literal">string_exp</code> repeated <code class="literal">count</code> times.</p>
<div class="pre_wrapper lang-sql">
<pre class="programlisting prettyprint lang-sql">SELECT REPEAT('La', 3);

 REPEAT('La', 3)
----------------
LaLaLa</pre>
</div>
</div>

<div class="section">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div>
<h3 class="title">
<a id="sql-functions-string-replace"></a><code class="literal">REPLACE</code><a class="edit_me edit_me_private" rel="nofollow" title="Editing on GitHub is available to Elastic" href="https://github.com/elastic/elasticsearch/edit/7.7/docs/reference/sql/functions/string.asciidoc">edit</a>
</h3>
</div></div></div>
<p><strong>Synopsis:</strong></p>
<div class="pre_wrapper lang-sql">
<pre class="programlisting prettyprint lang-sql">REPLACE(
    source,      <a id="CO156-1"></a><i class="conum" data-value="1"></i>
    pattern,     <a id="CO156-2"></a><i class="conum" data-value="2"></i>
    replacement) <a id="CO156-3"></a><i class="conum" data-value="3"></i></pre>
</div>
<p><span class="strong strong"><strong>Input</strong></span>:</p>
<div class="calloutlist">
<table border="0" summary="Callout list">
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top" width="5%">
<p><a href="#CO156-1"><i class="conum" data-value="1"></i></a></p>
</td>
<td align="left" valign="top">
<p>string expression</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top" width="5%">
<p><a href="#CO156-2"><i class="conum" data-value="2"></i></a></p>
</td>
<td align="left" valign="top">
<p>string expression</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top" width="5%">
<p><a href="#CO156-3"><i class="conum" data-value="3"></i></a></p>
</td>
<td align="left" valign="top">
<p>string expression</p>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
<p><span class="strong strong"><strong>Output</strong></span>: string</p>
<p><span class="strong strong"><strong>Description</strong></span>: Search <code class="literal">source</code> for occurrences of <code class="literal">pattern</code>, and replace with <code class="literal">replacement</code>.</p>
<div class="pre_wrapper lang-sql">
<pre class="programlisting prettyprint lang-sql">SELECT REPLACE('Elastic','El','Fant');

REPLACE('Elastic','El','Fant')
------------------------------
Fantastic</pre>
</div>
</div>

<div class="section">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div>
<h3 class="title">
<a id="sql-functions-string-right"></a><code class="literal">RIGHT</code><a class="edit_me edit_me_private" rel="nofollow" title="Editing on GitHub is available to Elastic" href="https://github.com/elastic/elasticsearch/edit/7.7/docs/reference/sql/functions/string.asciidoc">edit</a>
</h3>
</div></div></div>
<p><strong>Synopsis:</strong></p>
<div class="pre_wrapper lang-sql">
<pre class="programlisting prettyprint lang-sql">RIGHT(
    string_exp, <a id="CO157-1"></a><i class="conum" data-value="1"></i>
    count)      <a id="CO157-2"></a><i class="conum" data-value="2"></i></pre>
</div>
<p><span class="strong strong"><strong>Input</strong></span>:</p>
<div class="calloutlist">
<table border="0" summary="Callout list">
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top" width="5%">
<p><a href="#CO157-1"><i class="conum" data-value="1"></i></a></p>
</td>
<td align="left" valign="top">
<p>string expression</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top" width="5%">
<p><a href="#CO157-2"><i class="conum" data-value="2"></i></a></p>
</td>
<td align="left" valign="top">
<p>integer expression</p>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
<p><span class="strong strong"><strong>Output</strong></span>: string</p>
<p><span class="strong strong"><strong>Description</strong></span>: Returns the rightmost count characters of <code class="literal">string_exp</code>.</p>
<div class="pre_wrapper lang-sql">
<pre class="programlisting prettyprint lang-sql">SELECT RIGHT('Elastic',3);

RIGHT('Elastic',3)
------------------
tic</pre>
</div>
</div>

<div class="section">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div>
<h3 class="title">
<a id="sql-functions-string-rtrim"></a><code class="literal">RTRIM</code><a class="edit_me edit_me_private" rel="nofollow" title="Editing on GitHub is available to Elastic" href="https://github.com/elastic/elasticsearch/edit/7.7/docs/reference/sql/functions/string.asciidoc">edit</a>
</h3>
</div></div></div>
<p><strong>Synopsis:</strong></p>
<div class="pre_wrapper lang-sql">
<pre class="programlisting prettyprint lang-sql">RTRIM(string_exp) <a id="CO158-1"></a><i class="conum" data-value="1"></i></pre>
</div>
<p><span class="strong strong"><strong>Input</strong></span>:</p>
<div class="calloutlist">
<table border="0" summary="Callout list">
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top" width="5%">
<p><a href="#CO158-1"><i class="conum" data-value="1"></i></a></p>
</td>
<td align="left" valign="top">
<p>string expression</p>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
<p><span class="strong strong"><strong>Output</strong></span>: string</p>
<p><span class="strong strong"><strong>Description</strong></span>: Returns the characters of <code class="literal">string_exp</code> with trailing blanks removed.</p>
<div class="pre_wrapper lang-sql">
<pre class="programlisting prettyprint lang-sql">SELECT RTRIM('Elastic   ');

RTRIM('Elastic   ')
-------------------
Elastic</pre>
</div>
</div>

<div class="section">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div>
<h3 class="title">
<a id="sql-functions-string-space"></a><code class="literal">SPACE</code><a class="edit_me edit_me_private" rel="nofollow" title="Editing on GitHub is available to Elastic" href="https://github.com/elastic/elasticsearch/edit/7.7/docs/reference/sql/functions/string.asciidoc">edit</a>
</h3>
</div></div></div>
<p><strong>Synopsis:</strong></p>
<div class="pre_wrapper lang-sql">
<pre class="programlisting prettyprint lang-sql">SPACE(count) <a id="CO159-1"></a><i class="conum" data-value="1"></i></pre>
</div>
<p><span class="strong strong"><strong>Input</strong></span>:</p>
<div class="calloutlist">
<table border="0" summary="Callout list">
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top" width="5%">
<p><a href="#CO159-1"><i class="conum" data-value="1"></i></a></p>
</td>
<td align="left" valign="top">
<p>integer expression</p>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
<p><span class="strong strong"><strong>Output</strong></span>: string</p>
<p><span class="strong strong"><strong>Description</strong></span>: Returns a character string consisting of <code class="literal">count</code> spaces.</p>
<div class="pre_wrapper lang-sql">
<pre class="programlisting prettyprint lang-sql">SELECT SPACE(3);

   SPACE(3)
---------------</pre>
</div>
</div>

<div class="section">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div>
<h3 class="title">
<a id="sql-functions-string-substring"></a><code class="literal">SUBSTRING</code><a class="edit_me edit_me_private" rel="nofollow" title="Editing on GitHub is available to Elastic" href="https://github.com/elastic/elasticsearch/edit/7.7/docs/reference/sql/functions/string.asciidoc">edit</a>
</h3>
</div></div></div>
<p><strong>Synopsis:</strong></p>
<div class="pre_wrapper lang-sql">
<pre class="programlisting prettyprint lang-sql">SUBSTRING(
    source, <a id="CO160-1"></a><i class="conum" data-value="1"></i>
    start,  <a id="CO160-2"></a><i class="conum" data-value="2"></i>
    length) <a id="CO160-3"></a><i class="conum" data-value="3"></i></pre>
</div>
<p><span class="strong strong"><strong>Input</strong></span>:</p>
<div class="calloutlist">
<table border="0" summary="Callout list">
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top" width="5%">
<p><a href="#CO160-1"><i class="conum" data-value="1"></i></a></p>
</td>
<td align="left" valign="top">
<p>string expression</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top" width="5%">
<p><a href="#CO160-2"><i class="conum" data-value="2"></i></a></p>
</td>
<td align="left" valign="top">
<p>integer expression</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top" width="5%">
<p><a href="#CO160-3"><i class="conum" data-value="3"></i></a></p>
</td>
<td align="left" valign="top">
<p>integer expression</p>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
<p><span class="strong strong"><strong>Output</strong></span>: string</p>
<p><span class="strong strong"><strong>Description</strong></span>: Returns a character string that is derived from <code class="literal">source</code>, beginning at the character position specified by <code class="literal">start</code> for <code class="literal">length</code> characters.</p>
<div class="pre_wrapper lang-sql">
<pre class="programlisting prettyprint lang-sql">SELECT SUBSTRING('Elasticsearch', 0, 7);

SUBSTRING('Elasticsearch', 0, 7)
--------------------------------
Elastic</pre>
</div>
</div>

<div class="section">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div>
<h3 class="title">
<a id="sql-functions-string-ucase"></a><code class="literal">UCASE</code><a class="edit_me edit_me_private" rel="nofollow" title="Editing on GitHub is available to Elastic" href="https://github.com/elastic/elasticsearch/edit/7.7/docs/reference/sql/functions/string.asciidoc">edit</a>
</h3>
</div></div></div>
<p><strong>Synopsis:</strong></p>
<div class="pre_wrapper lang-sql">
<pre class="programlisting prettyprint lang-sql">UCASE(string_exp) <a id="CO161-1"></a><i class="conum" data-value="1"></i></pre>
</div>
<p><span class="strong strong"><strong>Input</strong></span>:</p>
<div class="calloutlist">
<table border="0" summary="Callout list">
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top" width="5%">
<p><a href="#CO161-1"><i class="conum" data-value="1"></i></a></p>
</td>
<td align="left" valign="top">
<p>string expression</p>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
<p><span class="strong strong"><strong>Output</strong></span>: string</p>
<p><span class="strong strong"><strong>Description</strong></span>: Returns a string equal to that of the input, with all lowercase characters converted to uppercase.</p>
<div class="pre_wrapper lang-sql">
<pre class="programlisting prettyprint lang-sql">SELECT UCASE('Elastic');

UCASE('Elastic')
----------------
ELASTIC</pre>
</div>
</div>

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